Xhina Mulo

Functional treatment of class 2 malocclussion

Class II malocclusion is one of the most common malocclusions in children.
Class II malocclusions can result from both dental and skeletal contributing components.
Although maxillary protrusion and mandibular retrusion are possible causative factors, it has been reported that the most common component in Class II cases is mandibular retrusion.
For Class II patients with a retrognathic mandible, the ideal course of correction is to target the source and attempt to alter the amount and direction of growth in that jaw. The primary treatment for this purpose is functional appliance therapy.
The purpose of this lecture is to report the effectiveness of early treatment with functional appliances, for growing patients with Class II malocclusion.
Functional appliances are used to reduce overbites and overjets, and to achieve a near-normal incisal ratio. It is necessary to select an appliance that achieves all of these goals and is easy for the patient to wear.
In some cases, a phase of treatment with fixed appliances is also required, to correct the torque and tip remaining unchanged in the first phase.
Pronounced overjet and incomplete lip closure has been shown to increase the risk for dental trauma. Early treatment with functional appliances has achieved significant reduction in the incidence of incisal trauma.
Early versus late orthodontic treatment has some priority. Early intervention is easy to perform, there is better use of growth potential, the extent of treatment in the permanent dentition is reduced and there should be less damage to teeth and tissues. Furthermore, early treatment of Class II malocclusion has also claimed to have positive influence on self-esteem.

Professor Xhina Mulo is graduated fat the Faculty of Medicine, Department of Stomatology, University of Tirana, in1986. President of Albanian Orthodontics Society from 2008-2014. Specialization in Italy, United State, Netherland, Bulgary, etc.
Current Position: lecturer in Orthodontics from 1991, Vice-dean from 2013-2024.
Publications: Author of 60 articles and over 120 scientific presentations in national and international forums. Invited lecturer in International Scientific events in Maqedonia, Kosovo, Netherland,etj.